Using a CUPS printer from command line

George Notaras — Thu, 10 Nov 2005 14:54:46 +0000

This is a quick reference to the commands and print job options a user can use from command line in order to print documents. Although print dialogs have evolved, it’s many times necessary to send a document to the printer with some extra options. For detailed explanation of each command’s functionality please refer to the CUPS user documentation.

Prerequisites

This document assumes that you have already set up your CUPS printer. This task is rather easy. Here is a list of software that can assist you in installing the printer in Fedora:

CUPS Web Interface – Point your web browser to http://localhost:631
printconf-gui or printtool – Graphical programs.
printconf-tui – The same programm running in text-mode.
lpadmin – Shell program for non-interactive printer setup.

Print a document

As a user, in order to print to the default printer, issue the command:

# lpr filename

Print to specific printer:

# lpr -P printer filename

Print multiple copies. For example, in order to print 4 copies:

# lpr -P printer -#4 filename

CUPS status information

As a user, issue the lpstat command with proper options:

# lpstat

Options can be:

-t : show all CUPS info
-d : show default printer
-p : show all printers
-a : show all printers that accept jobs
-o : show active print jobs

Cancel a print job

As a user, issue the command:

# lprm

Only the jobs that have been submitted by the same user can be canceled.

Setting options for a specific print job

Sometimes, the user needs specific print options. A general way to define specific options for a print job is:

# lpr -P printer -o option1=value -o option2=value filename

Modify the default print options

A user can define his own options for all his print jobs for a specific printer. They are saved in the ~/.lpoptions file and override the default options that have been defined by the system administrator for this specific CUPS printer.

Add or modify print options

A user can set his own default options for a specific CUPS printer by issuing the command:

# lpoptions -p printer -o option1=value -o option2=value

Remove print options

Previously defined print options can be removed from ~/.lpoptions by:

# lpoptions -p printer -r option1 -r option2

List a printer’s options

To list print queue’s current options:

# lpoptions -p printer

To list print queue’s current options:

# lpoptions -p printer -l

Create sets of options – Printer Instances

A very useful CUPS feature is that sets of options can be defined. These can be system-wide if they are set by root, or user specific if they are set by a user. Printer instances are extra options for a specific printer that are saved as an extra printer in the form printer/set. This virtual printer’s settings override the default options.

To create a printer instance, as a user issue the command:

# lpoptions -p printer/set1 -o option1=value -o option2=value

To delete a printer instance issue the command:

# lpoptions -x printer/set1

The printer instance is listed as a printer in lpstat.
The user can send a document to the printer instance:

# lpr -P printer/set1 filename

Appendix I – Common print options

Some common print options are listed below. If an option accepts a value, then it is listed in the form option=value:

landscape – for landscape printing
media=A4 – check your ppd file for possible media values
Collate=true | false – useful when printing multiple copies
sides=two-sided-short-edge – used for landscape prints [the default is sides=one-sided]
sides=two-sided-long-edge – used for portrait prints [the default is sides=one-sided]
page-ranges=1-4,7,9-12 – print specific pages or page ranges
page-set=odd | even – print only odd or even pages
outputorder=normal | reverse – the pages are printed from first to last or the other way around
cpi=10 – characters per inch
lpi=6 – lines per inch
columns=2 – format the text in two or more columns
page-left=value – specify the left margin in points [1pt = 1/72inch]
page-right=value – specify the right margin in points [1pt = 1/72inch]
page-top=value – specify the top margin in points [1pt = 1/72inch]
page-bottom=value – specify the bottom margin in points [1pt = 1/72inch]
job-sheets=none – front and back cover pages
job-sheets=standard
job-sheets=classified,classified

Print to CUPS printer instances

George Notaras — Thu, 10 Nov 2005 10:47:01 +0000

This Nautilus script was written because gnome-print does not list the user-defined or system-wide CUPS printer instances in the printers list. "Printer instances" are just sets of settings, so that a user does not have to type them for every print. Check the CUPS documentation for more info. So, in order to use your defined printer instance, just print your document to a file from within the application. Then run the script on the postscript file. A printer selection dialog is displayed. This is where all printer instances are listed properly. After that, you are prompted to give a page range and you are done.

Installation: put it in ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/ directory and enable the executable attribute.
Usage:

Print your document to a postscript file using the normal gnome-print dialog from within the application
Select the postscript file and run the script on it from the right-click menu
Select your printer instance and page range (leave blank for all pages)

Version: 0.2
Requires: Zenity

Download the script from the link below:
ps_print_gui.tar.gz

Print to CUPS printer instances, unless otherwise expressly stated, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. Terms and conditions beyond the scope of this license may be available at www.g-loaded.eu.

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